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Abbreviation,Selected Map,Total_EV,Shift,Shift tooltip,I_Nominee tooltip,blank,D-Check,D_Nominee_prop,Color Bins,Independent spacing,Direction,Spacer,R-Check,D_Percentage,D_DifferencePercentage,D_Difference,D_EV,D_EV_Total,D_Nominee,R_Nominee_prop,D_PopularPercentage,D_Votes,D_Votes_Total,Hex_Column,Hex_Row,I_Percentage,I_EV,I_EV_Total,I_Nominee tooltip ●,I_Nominee tooltip ')',I_Nominee tooltip 'Percentage)',I_Nominee tooltip '(',I_Nominee,I_PopularPercentage,I_Votes,I_Votes_Total,Independent spacing (popular),Info,Last_RD_Difference,Last_Winner,Last_Winner_Percentage,Number of Records,RD_Difference (bin),RD_Difference,R_Percentage,R_DifferencePercentage,R_Difference,R_EV,R_EV_Total,R_Nominee,I_Nominee_prop,R_PopularPercentage,R_Votes,R_Votes_Total,Region,Row,Shift :(l/r),Shift abbreviation,Space,State (red),State (blue),State (yellow),State,State_Winner,Total Votes,Total_Votes_USA,Winner_Percentage,Winning Party,Year
MN,Hex,10,7,% shift to the left,,,,Michael S. Dukakis,A,,Left,0,ü,52.9,3.2,73107,10,111,MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS,George Bush,45.6%,1109471,41809074,4.5,2,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term.",-0.200000000,D,-49.7,1,-10,-7,45.9,-3.6,-70266,,426,GEORGE BUSH, ,53.4%,962337,48886097,Midwest,2,-6.8,0.5,5,,Minnesota,,Minnesota,D,2096790,91594809,-52.9,R,1988
WI,Hex,11,13,% shift to the left,,,,Michael S. Dukakis,A,,Left,0,ü,51.4,6.4,131054,11,111,MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS,George Bush,45.6%,1126794,41809074,5.5,2,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term.",9.2,R,54.2,1,-5,-3.6,47.8,-6.400000000,-151085,,426,GEORGE BUSH, ,53.4%,1047499,48886097,Midwest,2,-12.8,0.5,7,,Wisconsin,,Wisconsin,D,2191608,91594809,-51.4,R,1988
IA,Hex,8,18,% shift to the left,,,,Michael S. Dukakis,B,,Left,0,ü,54.7,8.8,64937,8,111,MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS,George Bush,45.6%,670557,41809074,5,3,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term.",7.4,R,53.3,1,-15,-10.2,44.5,-8.8,-157733,,426,GEORGE BUSH, ,53.4%,545355,48886097,Midwest,3,-17.6,0.5,5,,Iowa,,Iowa,D,1225614,91594809,-54.7,R,1988
DC,Hex,3,3,% shift to the right,,,,Michael S. Dukakis,E,,Right,0,ü,82.6,-2.800000000,-21001,3,111,MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS,George Bush,45.6%,159407,41809074,12,5,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term.",-71.7,D,-85.4,1,-70,-68.3,14.3,0.600000000,-1419,,426,GEORGE BUSH, ,53.4%,27590,48886097,Northeast,4,3.4,-0.5,10,,Dist. of Col.,,Dist. of Col.,D,192877,91594809,-82.6,R,1988
NY,Hex,36,12,% shift to the left,,,,Michael S. Dukakis,A,,Left,0,ü,51.6,5.8,228273,36,111,MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS,George Bush,45.6%,3347882,41809074,9.5,2,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term.",8,R,53.8,1,-5,-4.1,47.5,-6.3,-582892,,426,GEORGE BUSH, ,53.4%,3081871,48886097,Northeast,2,-12.1,0.5,9,,New York,,New York,D,6485683,91594809,-51.6,R,1988
RI,Hex,4,15,% shift to the left,,,,Michael S. Dukakis,B,,Left,0,ü,55.6,7.6,28017,4,111,MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS,George Bush,45.6%,225123,41809074,11.5,2,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term.",3.7,R,51.7,1,-15,-11.7,43.9,-7.8,-34319,,426,GEORGE BUSH, ,53.4%,177761,48886097,Northeast,2,-15.4,0.5,10,,Rhode Island,,Rhode Island,D,404620,91594809,-55.6,R,1988
MA,Hex,13,11,% shift to the left,,,,Michael S. Dukakis,A,,Left,0,ü,53.2,4.8,161809,13,111,MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS,George Bush,45.6%,1401415,41809074,10.5,2,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term.",2.8,R,51.2,1,-10,-7.8,45.4,-5.8,-116301,,426,GEORGE BUSH, ,53.4%,1194635,48886097,Northeast,2,-10.6,0.5,11,,Massachusetts,,Massachusetts,D,2632805,91594809,-53.2,R,1988
WV,Hex,5,15,% shift to the left,,,,Michael S. Dukakis,A,,Left,0,ü,52.2,7.6,12891,5,111,MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS,George Bush,45.6%,341016,41809074,7.5,4,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term.",10.5,R,55.1,1,-5,-4.7,47.5,-7.6,-95418,,426,GEORGE BUSH, ,53.4%,310065,48886097,South,4,-15.2,0.5,7,,West Virginia,,West Virginia,D,653311,91594809,-52.2,R,1988
WA,Hex,10,14,% shift to the left,,,,Michael S. Dukakis,A,,Left,0,ü,50.0,7.1,126164,10,111,MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS,George Bush,45.6%,933516,41809074,1.5,2,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term.",12.9,R,55.8,1,-5,-1.5,48.5,-7.3,-147835,,426,GEORGE BUSH, ,53.4%,903835,48886097,West,2,-14.4,0.5,1,,Washington,,Washington,D,1865253,91594809,-50,R,1988
OR,Hex,7,17,% shift to the left,,,,Michael S. Dukakis,A,,Left,0,ü,51.3,7.600000000,79727,7,111,MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS,George Bush,45.6%,616206,41809074,1.5,4,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term.",12.2,R,55.9,1,-5,-4.7,46.6,-9.3,-125574,,426,GEORGE BUSH, ,53.4%,560126,48886097,West,3,-16.9,0.5,1,,Oregon,,Oregon,D,1201694,91594809,-51.3,R,1988
HI,Hex,4,21,% shift to the left,,,,Michael S. Dukakis,A,,Left,0,ü,54.3,10.5,45210,4,111,MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS,George Bush,45.6%,192364,41809074,-0.5,5,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term.",11.3,R,55.1,1,-10,-9.5,44.8,-10.3,-26425,,426,GEORGE BUSH, ,53.4%,158625,48886097,West,7,-20.8,0.5,1,,Hawaii,,Hawaii,D,354461,91594809,-54.3,R,1988
ND,Hex,3,18,% shift to the left,,,,Michael S. Dukakis,G,,Left,0,ü,43.0,9.2,23310,,111,MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS,George Bush,45.6%,127739,41809074,3.5,2,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term.",31,R,64.8,1,10,13,56.0,-8.8,-33777,3,426,GEORGE BUSH, ,53.4%,166559,48886097,Midwest,2,-18.0,0.5,4,North Dakota,,,North Dakota,R,297261,91594809,56,R,1988
MI,Hex,20,11,% shift to the left,,,,Michael S. Dukakis,F,,Left,0,ü,45.7,5.5,146145,,111,MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS,George Bush,45.6%,1675783,41809074,7.5,2,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term.",19,R,59.2,1,5,7.9,53.6,-5.6,-286085,20,426,GEORGE BUSH, ,53.4%,1965486,48886097,Midwest,2,-11.1,0.5,8,Michigan,,,Michigan,R,3669163,91594809,53.6,R,1988
IL,Hex,24,11,% shift to the left,,,,Michael S. Dukakis,F,,Left,0,ü,48.6,5.3,129441,,111,MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS,George Bush,45.6%,2215940,41809074,6,3,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term.",12.9,R,56.2,1,0,2.1,50.7,-5.5,-396164,24,426,GEORGE BUSH, ,53.4%,2310939,48886097,Midwest,2,-10.8,0.5,6,Illinois,,,Illinois,R,4559120,91594809,50.7,R,1988
SD,Hex,3,20,% shift to the left,,,,Michael S. Dukakis,F,,Left,0,ü,46.5,10,29447,,111,MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS,George Bush,45.6%,145560,41809074,4,3,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term.",26.5,R,63,1,5,6.3,52.8,-10.2,-34852,3,426,GEORGE BUSH, ,53.4%,165415,48886097,Midwest,3,-20.2,0.5,4,South Dakota,,,South Dakota,R,312991,91594809,52.8,R,1988
IN,Hex,12,4,% shift to the left,,,,Michael S. Dukakis,H,,Left,0,ü,39.7,2,19162,,111,MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS,George Bush,45.6%,860643,41809074,7,3,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term.",24,R,61.7,1,20,20.1,59.8,-1.900000000,-79467,12,426,GEORGE BUSH, ,53.4%,1297763,48886097,Midwest,3,-3.9,0.5,6,Indiana,,,Indiana,R,2168621,91594809,59.8,R,1988
OH,Hex,23,8,% shift to the left,,,,Michael S. Dukakis,G,,Left,0,ü,44.1,4,114189,,111,MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS,George Bush,45.6%,1939629,41809074,8,3,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term.",18.8,R,58.9,1,10,10.9,55.0,-3.9,-262011,23,426,GEORGE BUSH, ,53.4%,2416549,48886097,Midwest,3,-7.9,0.5,7,Ohio,,,Ohio,R,4393699,91594809,55,R,1988
NE,Hex,5,21,% shift to the left,,,,Michael S. Dukakis,H,,Left,0,ü,39.2,10.4,71369,,111,MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS,George Bush,45.6%,259235,41809074,4.5,4,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term.",41.8,R,70.6,1,20,21,60.2,-10.4,-62098,5,426,GEORGE BUSH, ,53.4%,397956,48886097,Midwest,4,-20.8,0.5,4,Nebraska,,,Nebraska,R,661465,91594809,60.2,R,1988
MO,Hex,11,16,% shift to the left,,,,Michael S. Dukakis,F,,Left,0,ü,47.8,7.8,153036,,111,MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS,George Bush,45.6%,1001619,41809074,5.5,4,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term.",20,R,60,1,0,4,51.8,-8.2,-189235,11,426,GEORGE BUSH, ,53.4%,1084953,48886097,Midwest,4,-16.0,0.5,5,Missouri,,,Missouri,R,2093713,91594809,51.8,R,1988
KS,Hex,7,21,% shift to the left,,,,Michael S. Dukakis,G,,Left,0,ü,42.6,10,89487,,111,MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS,George Bush,45.6%,422636,41809074,5,5,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term.",33.7,R,66.3,1,10,13.2,55.8,-10.5,-123247,7,426,GEORGE BUSH, ,53.4%,554049,48886097,Midwest,5,-20.5,0.5,4,Kansas,,,Kansas,R,993044,91594809,55.8,R,1988
ME,Hex,4,11,% shift to the left,,,,Michael S. Dukakis,G,,Left,0,ü,43.9,5.1,29054,,111,MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS,George Bush,45.6%,243569,41809074,11.5,0,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term.",22,R,60.8,1,10,11.4,55.3,-5.5,-29369,4,426,GEORGE BUSH, ,53.4%,307131,48886097,Northeast,0,-10.6,0.5,11,Maine,,,Maine,R,555035,91594809,55.3,R,1988
VT,Hex,3,14,% shift to the left,,,,Michael S. Dukakis,F,,Left,0,ü,47.6,6.8,20045,,111,MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS,George Bush,45.6%,115775,41809074,10,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term.",17.1,R,57.9,1,0,3.5,51.1,-6.8,-11534,3,426,GEORGE BUSH, ,53.4%,124331,48886097,Northeast,1,-13.6,0.5,10,Vermont,,,Vermont,R,243328,91594809,51.1,R,1988
NH,Hex,4,12,% shift to the left,,,,Michael S. Dukakis,H,,Left,0,ü,36.3,5.4,43301,,111,MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS,George Bush,45.6%,163696,41809074,11,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term.",37.7,R,68.6,1,25,26.1,62.4,-6.2,14486,4,426,GEORGE BUSH, ,53.4%,281537,48886097,Northeast,1,-11.6,0.5,11,New Hampshire,,,New Hampshire,R,451074,91594809,62.4,R,1988
PA,Hex,25,5,% shift to the left,,,,Michael S. Dukakis,F,,Left,0,ü,48.4,2.4,-33187,,111,MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS,George Bush,45.6%,2194944,41809074,9,3,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term.",7.3,R,53.3,1,0,2.3,50.7,-2.600000000,-284236,25,426,GEORGE BUSH, ,53.4%,2300087,48886097,Northeast,3,-5.0,0.5,8,Pennsylvania,,,Pennsylvania,R,4536251,91594809,50.7,R,1988
NJ,Hex,16,7,% shift to the left,,,,Michael S. Dukakis,G,,Left,0,ü,42.6,3.4,59029,,111,MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS,George Bush,45.6%,1320352,41809074,10,3,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term.",20.9,R,60.1,1,10,13.6,56.2,-3.9,-190438,16,426,GEORGE BUSH, ,53.4%,1743192,48886097,Northeast,3,-7.3,0.5,9,New Jersey,,,New Jersey,R,3099553,91594809,56.2,R,1988
CT,Hex,8,17,% shift to the left,,,,Michael S. Dukakis,F,,Left,0,ü,46.9,8.1,106987,,111,MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS,George Bush,45.6%,676584,41809074,11,3,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term.",21.9,R,60.7,1,5,5.1,52.0,-8.7,-140636,8,426,GEORGE BUSH, ,53.4%,750241,48886097,Northeast,3,-16.8,0.5,10,Connecticut,,,Connecticut,R,1443394,91594809,52,R,1988
DE,Hex,3,8,% shift to the left,,,,Michael S. Dukakis,G,,Left,0,ü,43.5,3.6,6991,,111,MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS,George Bush,45.6%,108647,41809074,9.5,4,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term.",19.9,R,59.8,1,10,12.4,55.9,-3.9,-12551,3,426,GEORGE BUSH, ,53.4%,139639,48886097,Northeast,5,-7.5,0.5,9,Delaware,,,Delaware,R,249891,91594809,55.9,R,1988
KY,Hex,9,9,% shift to the left,,,,Michael S. Dukakis,G,,Left,0,ü,43.9,4.5,40829,,111,MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS,George Bush,45.6%,580368,41809074,6.5,4,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term.",20.6,R,60,1,10,11.6,55.5,-4.5,-87421,9,426,GEORGE BUSH, ,53.4%,734281,48886097,South,4,-9.0,0.5,6,Kentucky,,,Kentucky,R,1322517,91594809,55.5,R,1988
MD,Hex,10,3,% shift to the left,,,,Michael S. Dukakis,F,,Left,0,ü,48.2,1.2,38369,,111,MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS,George Bush,45.6%,826304,41809074,8.5,4,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term.",5.5,R,52.5,1,0,2.9,51.1,-1.4,-3751,10,426,GEORGE BUSH, ,53.4%,876167,48886097,South,4,-2.6,0.5,9,Maryland,,,Maryland,R,1714358,91594809,51.1,R,1988
VA,Hex,12,5,% shift to the left,,,,Michael S. Dukakis,H,,Left,0,ü,39.2,2.1,63549,,111,MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS,George Bush,45.6%,859799,41809074,8,5,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term.",25.2,R,62.3,1,20,20.5,59.7,-2.600000000,-27916,12,426,GEORGE BUSH, ,53.4%,1309162,48886097,South,4,-4.7,0.5,8,Virginia,,,Virginia,R,2191609,91594809,59.7,R,1988
AR,Hex,6,8,% shift to the left,,,,Michael S. Dukakis,G,,Left,0,ü,42.2,3.900000000,10591,,111,MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS,George Bush,45.6%,349237,41809074,6,5,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term.",22.2,R,60.5,1,10,14.2,56.4,-4.1,-68196,6,426,GEORGE BUSH, ,53.4%,466578,48886097,South,5,-8.0,0.5,5,Arkansas,,,Arkansas,R,827738,91594809,56.4,R,1988
TN,Hex,11,0,% shift to the right,,,,Michael S. Dukakis,G,,Right,0,ü,41.5,-0.100000000,-31920,,111,MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS,George Bush,45.6%,679794,41809074,7,5,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term.",16.2,R,57.8,1,15,16.4,57.9,0.100000000,-42979,11,426,GEORGE BUSH, ,53.4%,947233,48886097,South,5,0.2,-0.5,6,Tennessee,,,Tennessee,R,1636250,91594809,57.9,R,1988
NC,Hex,13,8,% shift to the left,,,,Michael S. Dukakis,G,,Left,0,ü,41.7,3.8,65880,,111,MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS,George Bush,45.6%,890167,41809074,9,5,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term.",24,R,61.9,1,15,16.3,58.0,-3.9,-109223,13,426,GEORGE BUSH, ,53.4%,1237258,48886097,South,5,-7.7,0.5,7,North Carolina,,,North Carolina,R,2134370,91594809,58,R,1988
SC,Hex,8,4,% shift to the left,,,,Michael S. Dukakis,H,,Left,0,ü,37.6,2,26095,,111,MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS,George Bush,45.6%,370554,41809074,8.5,6,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term.",28,R,63.6,1,20,23.9,61.5,-2.1,-9096,8,426,GEORGE BUSH, ,53.4%,606443,48886097,South,5,-4.1,0.5,8,South Carolina,,,South Carolina,R,986009,91594809,61.5,R,1988
OK,Hex,8,21,% shift to the left,,,,Michael S. Dukakis,G,,Left,0,ü,41.3,10.6,98343,,111,MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS,George Bush,45.6%,483423,41809074,4.5,6,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term.",37.9,R,68.6,1,15,16.6,57.9,-10.7,-183163,8,426,GEORGE BUSH, ,53.4%,678367,48886097,South,6,-21.3,0.5,4,Oklahoma,,,Oklahoma,R,1171036,91594809,57.9,R,1988
LA,Hex,10,12,% shift to the left,,,,Michael S. Dukakis,G,,Left,0,ü,44.1,5.9,65874,,111,MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS,George Bush,45.6%,717460,41809074,5.5,6,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term.",22.6,R,60.8,1,10,10.2,54.3,-6.5,-153597,10,426,GEORGE BUSH, ,53.4%,883702,48886097,South,6,-12.4,0.5,5,Louisiana,,,Louisiana,R,1628202,91594809,54.3,R,1988
MS,Hex,7,4,% shift to the left,,,,Michael S. Dukakis,H,,Left,0,ü,39.1,1.7,11729,,111,MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS,George Bush,45.6%,363921,41809074,6.5,6,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term.",24.5,R,61.9,1,20,20.8,59.9,-2,-24487,7,426,GEORGE BUSH, ,53.4%,557890,48886097,South,6,-3.7,0.5,6,Mississippi,,,Mississippi,R,931527,91594809,59.9,R,1988
AL,Hex,9,3,% shift to the left,,,,Michael S. Dukakis,G,,Left,0,ü,39.9,1.6,-2393,,111,MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS,George Bush,45.6%,549506,41809074,7.5,6,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term.",22.2,R,60.5,1,15,19.3,59.2,-1.3,-57273,9,426,GEORGE BUSH, ,53.4%,815576,48886097,South,6,-2.9,0.5,7,Alabama,,,Alabama,R,1378476,91594809,59.2,R,1988
GA,Hex,12,0,% shift to the left,,,,Michael S. Dukakis,H,,Left,0,ü,39.5,-0.300000000,8164,,111,MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS,George Bush,45.6%,714792,41809074,8,7,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term.",20.4,R,60.2,1,20,20.3,59.8,-0.400000000,12609,12,426,GEORGE BUSH, ,53.4%,1081331,48886097,South,6,-0.1,0.5,8,Georgia,,,Georgia,R,1809672,91594809,59.8,R,1988
TX,Hex,29,15,% shift to the left,,,,Michael S. Dukakis,G,,Left,0,ü,43.3,7.2,403472,,111,MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS,George Bush,45.6%,2352748,41809074,4,7,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term.",27.5,R,63.6,1,10,12.7,56.0,-7.6,-396599,29,426,GEORGE BUSH, ,53.4%,3036829,48886097,South,7,-14.8,0.5,4,Texas,,,Texas,R,5427410,91594809,56,R,1988
FL,Hex,21,8,% shift to the left,,,,Michael S. Dukakis,H,,Left,0,ü,38.5,3.8,207885,,111,MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS,George Bush,45.6%,1656701,41809074,8.5,8,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term.",30.6,R,65.3,1,20,22.4,60.9,-4.4,-111465,21,426,GEORGE BUSH, ,53.4%,2618885,48886097,South,7,-8.2,0.5,9,Florida,,,Florida,R,4302313,91594809,60.9,R,1988
AK,Hex,3,14,% shift to the left,,,,Michael S. Dukakis,H,,Left,0,ü,36.3,6.4,10577,,111,MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS,George Bush,45.6%,72584,41809074,0.5,0,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term.",36.8,R,66.7,1,20,23.3,59.6,-7.1,-19126,3,426,GEORGE BUSH, ,53.4%,119251,48886097,West,0,-13.5,0.5,0,Alaska,,,Alaska,R,200116,91594809,59.6,R,1988
MT,Hex,4,16,% shift to the left,,,,Michael S. Dukakis,F,,Left,0,ü,46.2,8,22194,,111,MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS,George Bush,45.6%,168936,41809074,2.5,2,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term.",22.3,R,60.5,1,5,5.9,52.1,-8.4,-42038,4,426,GEORGE BUSH, ,53.4%,190412,48886097,West,2,-16.4,0.5,3,Montana,,,Montana,R,365674,91594809,52.1,R,1988
ID,Hex,4,20,% shift to the left,,,,Michael S. Dukakis,H,,Left,0,ü,36.0,9.6,38762,,111,MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS,George Bush,45.6%,147272,41809074,2,3,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term.",46,R,72.4,1,25,26.1,62.1,-10.3,-43642,4,426,GEORGE BUSH, ,53.4%,253881,48886097,West,2,-19.9,0.5,2,Idaho,,,Idaho,R,408968,91594809,62.1,R,1988
WY,Hex,3,20,% shift to the left,,,,Michael S. Dukakis,H,,Left,0,ü,38.0,9.8,13743,,111,MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS,George Bush,45.6%,67113,41809074,3,3,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term.",42.3,R,70.5,1,20,22.5,60.5,-10,-26374,3,426,GEORGE BUSH, ,53.4%,106867,48886097,West,3,-19.8,0.5,3,Wyoming,,,Wyoming,R,176551,91594809,60.5,R,1988
NV,Hex,4,13,% shift to the left,,,,Michael S. Dukakis,H,,Left,0,ü,37.9,5.9,41083,,111,MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS,George Bush,45.6%,132738,41809074,2.5,4,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term.",33.8,R,65.8,1,20,21,58.9,-6.9,17270,4,426,GEORGE BUSH, ,53.4%,206040,48886097,West,3,-12.8,0.5,2,Nevada,,,Nevada,R,350067,91594809,58.9,R,1988
CO,Hex,8,21,% shift to the left,,,,Michael S. Dukakis,F,,Left,0,ü,45.3,10.2,166478,,111,MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS,George Bush,45.6%,621453,41809074,3.5,4,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term.",28.3,R,63.4,1,5,7.8,53.1,-10.3,-93640,8,426,GEORGE BUSH, ,53.4%,728177,48886097,West,4,-20.5,0.5,3,Colorado,,,Colorado,R,1372394,91594809,53.1,R,1988
CA,Hex,47,13,% shift to the left,,,,Michael S. Dukakis,F,,Left,0,ü,47.6,6.3,779714,,111,MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS,George Bush,45.6%,4702233,41809074,2,5,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term.",16.2,R,57.5,1,0,3.5,51.1,-6.4,-412092,47,426,GEORGE BUSH, ,53.4%,5054917,48886097,West,4,-12.7,0.5,1,California,,,California,R,9887065,91594809,51.1,R,1988
UT,Hex,5,16,% shift to the left,,,,Michael S. Dukakis,I,,Left,0,ü,32.0,7.3,51974,,111,MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS,George Bush,45.6%,207343,41809074,4,5,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term.",49.8,R,74.5,1,30,34.2,66.2,-8.3,-40663,5,426,GEORGE BUSH, ,53.4%,428442,48886097,West,4,-15.6,0.5,2,Utah,,,Utah,R,647008,91594809,66.2,R,1988
AZ,Hex,7,13,% shift to the left,,,,Michael S. Dukakis,H,,Left,0,ü,38.7,6.2,120175,,111,MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS,George Bush,45.6%,454029,41809074,3,5,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term.",33.9,R,66.4,1,20,21.3,60.0,-6.400000000,21125,7,426,GEORGE BUSH, ,53.4%,702541,48886097,West,5,-12.6,0.5,2,Arizona,,,Arizona,R,1171873,91594809,60,R,1988
NM,Hex,5,16,% shift to the left,,,,Michael S. Dukakis,F,,Left,0,ü,46.9,7.7,42728,,111,MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS,George Bush,45.6%,244497,41809074,3.5,6,,,,,,,,,,,,,"The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term.",20.5,R,59.7,1,5,5,51.9,-7.8,-36760,5,426,GEORGE BUSH, ,53.4%,270341,48886097,West,5,-15.5,0.5,3,New Mexico,,,New Mexico,R,521287,91594809,51.9,R,1988
1 Abbreviation Selected Map Total_EV Shift Shift tooltip I_Nominee tooltip blank D-Check D_Nominee_prop Color Bins Independent spacing Direction Spacer R-Check D_Percentage D_DifferencePercentage D_Difference D_EV D_EV_Total D_Nominee R_Nominee_prop D_PopularPercentage D_Votes D_Votes_Total Hex_Column Hex_Row I_Percentage I_EV I_EV_Total I_Nominee tooltip ● I_Nominee tooltip ')' I_Nominee tooltip 'Percentage)' I_Nominee tooltip '(' I_Nominee I_PopularPercentage I_Votes I_Votes_Total Independent spacing (popular) Info Last_RD_Difference Last_Winner Last_Winner_Percentage Number of Records RD_Difference (bin) RD_Difference R_Percentage R_DifferencePercentage R_Difference R_EV R_EV_Total R_Nominee I_Nominee_prop R_PopularPercentage R_Votes R_Votes_Total Region Row Shift :(l/r) Shift abbreviation Space State (red) State (blue) State (yellow) State State_Winner Total Votes Total_Votes_USA Winner_Percentage Winning Party Year
2 MN Hex 10 7 % shift to the left Michael S. Dukakis A Left 0 ü 52.9 3.2 73107 10 111 MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS George Bush 45.6% 1109471 41809074 4.5 2 The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term. -0.200000000 D -49.7 1 -10 -7 45.9 -3.6 -70266 426 GEORGE BUSH 53.4% 962337 48886097 Midwest 2 -6.8 0.5 5 Minnesota Minnesota D 2096790 91594809 -52.9 R 1988
3 WI Hex 11 13 % shift to the left Michael S. Dukakis A Left 0 ü 51.4 6.4 131054 11 111 MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS George Bush 45.6% 1126794 41809074 5.5 2 The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term. 9.2 R 54.2 1 -5 -3.6 47.8 -6.400000000 -151085 426 GEORGE BUSH 53.4% 1047499 48886097 Midwest 2 -12.8 0.5 7 Wisconsin Wisconsin D 2191608 91594809 -51.4 R 1988
4 IA Hex 8 18 % shift to the left Michael S. Dukakis B Left 0 ü 54.7 8.8 64937 8 111 MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS George Bush 45.6% 670557 41809074 5 3 The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term. 7.4 R 53.3 1 -15 -10.2 44.5 -8.8 -157733 426 GEORGE BUSH 53.4% 545355 48886097 Midwest 3 -17.6 0.5 5 Iowa Iowa D 1225614 91594809 -54.7 R 1988
5 DC Hex 3 3 % shift to the right Michael S. Dukakis E Right 0 ü 82.6 -2.800000000 -21001 3 111 MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS George Bush 45.6% 159407 41809074 12 5 The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term. -71.7 D -85.4 1 -70 -68.3 14.3 0.600000000 -1419 426 GEORGE BUSH 53.4% 27590 48886097 Northeast 4 3.4 -0.5 10 Dist. of Col. Dist. of Col. D 192877 91594809 -82.6 R 1988
6 NY Hex 36 12 % shift to the left Michael S. Dukakis A Left 0 ü 51.6 5.8 228273 36 111 MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS George Bush 45.6% 3347882 41809074 9.5 2 The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term. 8 R 53.8 1 -5 -4.1 47.5 -6.3 -582892 426 GEORGE BUSH 53.4% 3081871 48886097 Northeast 2 -12.1 0.5 9 New York New York D 6485683 91594809 -51.6 R 1988
7 RI Hex 4 15 % shift to the left Michael S. Dukakis B Left 0 ü 55.6 7.6 28017 4 111 MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS George Bush 45.6% 225123 41809074 11.5 2 The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term. 3.7 R 51.7 1 -15 -11.7 43.9 -7.8 -34319 426 GEORGE BUSH 53.4% 177761 48886097 Northeast 2 -15.4 0.5 10 Rhode Island Rhode Island D 404620 91594809 -55.6 R 1988
8 MA Hex 13 11 % shift to the left Michael S. Dukakis A Left 0 ü 53.2 4.8 161809 13 111 MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS George Bush 45.6% 1401415 41809074 10.5 2 The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term. 2.8 R 51.2 1 -10 -7.8 45.4 -5.8 -116301 426 GEORGE BUSH 53.4% 1194635 48886097 Northeast 2 -10.6 0.5 11 Massachusetts Massachusetts D 2632805 91594809 -53.2 R 1988
9 WV Hex 5 15 % shift to the left Michael S. Dukakis A Left 0 ü 52.2 7.6 12891 5 111 MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS George Bush 45.6% 341016 41809074 7.5 4 The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term. 10.5 R 55.1 1 -5 -4.7 47.5 -7.6 -95418 426 GEORGE BUSH 53.4% 310065 48886097 South 4 -15.2 0.5 7 West Virginia West Virginia D 653311 91594809 -52.2 R 1988
10 WA Hex 10 14 % shift to the left Michael S. Dukakis A Left 0 ü 50.0 7.1 126164 10 111 MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS George Bush 45.6% 933516 41809074 1.5 2 The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term. 12.9 R 55.8 1 -5 -1.5 48.5 -7.3 -147835 426 GEORGE BUSH 53.4% 903835 48886097 West 2 -14.4 0.5 1 Washington Washington D 1865253 91594809 -50 R 1988
11 OR Hex 7 17 % shift to the left Michael S. Dukakis A Left 0 ü 51.3 7.600000000 79727 7 111 MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS George Bush 45.6% 616206 41809074 1.5 4 The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term. 12.2 R 55.9 1 -5 -4.7 46.6 -9.3 -125574 426 GEORGE BUSH 53.4% 560126 48886097 West 3 -16.9 0.5 1 Oregon Oregon D 1201694 91594809 -51.3 R 1988
12 HI Hex 4 21 % shift to the left Michael S. Dukakis A Left 0 ü 54.3 10.5 45210 4 111 MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS George Bush 45.6% 192364 41809074 -0.5 5 The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term. 11.3 R 55.1 1 -10 -9.5 44.8 -10.3 -26425 426 GEORGE BUSH 53.4% 158625 48886097 West 7 -20.8 0.5 1 Hawaii Hawaii D 354461 91594809 -54.3 R 1988
13 ND Hex 3 18 % shift to the left Michael S. Dukakis G Left 0 ü 43.0 9.2 23310 111 MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS George Bush 45.6% 127739 41809074 3.5 2 The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term. 31 R 64.8 1 10 13 56.0 -8.8 -33777 3 426 GEORGE BUSH 53.4% 166559 48886097 Midwest 2 -18.0 0.5 4 North Dakota North Dakota R 297261 91594809 56 R 1988
14 MI Hex 20 11 % shift to the left Michael S. Dukakis F Left 0 ü 45.7 5.5 146145 111 MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS George Bush 45.6% 1675783 41809074 7.5 2 The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term. 19 R 59.2 1 5 7.9 53.6 -5.6 -286085 20 426 GEORGE BUSH 53.4% 1965486 48886097 Midwest 2 -11.1 0.5 8 Michigan Michigan R 3669163 91594809 53.6 R 1988
15 IL Hex 24 11 % shift to the left Michael S. Dukakis F Left 0 ü 48.6 5.3 129441 111 MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS George Bush 45.6% 2215940 41809074 6 3 The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term. 12.9 R 56.2 1 0 2.1 50.7 -5.5 -396164 24 426 GEORGE BUSH 53.4% 2310939 48886097 Midwest 2 -10.8 0.5 6 Illinois Illinois R 4559120 91594809 50.7 R 1988
16 SD Hex 3 20 % shift to the left Michael S. Dukakis F Left 0 ü 46.5 10 29447 111 MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS George Bush 45.6% 145560 41809074 4 3 The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term. 26.5 R 63 1 5 6.3 52.8 -10.2 -34852 3 426 GEORGE BUSH 53.4% 165415 48886097 Midwest 3 -20.2 0.5 4 South Dakota South Dakota R 312991 91594809 52.8 R 1988
17 IN Hex 12 4 % shift to the left Michael S. Dukakis H Left 0 ü 39.7 2 19162 111 MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS George Bush 45.6% 860643 41809074 7 3 The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term. 24 R 61.7 1 20 20.1 59.8 -1.900000000 -79467 12 426 GEORGE BUSH 53.4% 1297763 48886097 Midwest 3 -3.9 0.5 6 Indiana Indiana R 2168621 91594809 59.8 R 1988
18 OH Hex 23 8 % shift to the left Michael S. Dukakis G Left 0 ü 44.1 4 114189 111 MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS George Bush 45.6% 1939629 41809074 8 3 The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term. 18.8 R 58.9 1 10 10.9 55.0 -3.9 -262011 23 426 GEORGE BUSH 53.4% 2416549 48886097 Midwest 3 -7.9 0.5 7 Ohio Ohio R 4393699 91594809 55 R 1988
19 NE Hex 5 21 % shift to the left Michael S. Dukakis H Left 0 ü 39.2 10.4 71369 111 MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS George Bush 45.6% 259235 41809074 4.5 4 The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term. 41.8 R 70.6 1 20 21 60.2 -10.4 -62098 5 426 GEORGE BUSH 53.4% 397956 48886097 Midwest 4 -20.8 0.5 4 Nebraska Nebraska R 661465 91594809 60.2 R 1988
20 MO Hex 11 16 % shift to the left Michael S. Dukakis F Left 0 ü 47.8 7.8 153036 111 MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS George Bush 45.6% 1001619 41809074 5.5 4 The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term. 20 R 60 1 0 4 51.8 -8.2 -189235 11 426 GEORGE BUSH 53.4% 1084953 48886097 Midwest 4 -16.0 0.5 5 Missouri Missouri R 2093713 91594809 51.8 R 1988
21 KS Hex 7 21 % shift to the left Michael S. Dukakis G Left 0 ü 42.6 10 89487 111 MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS George Bush 45.6% 422636 41809074 5 5 The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term. 33.7 R 66.3 1 10 13.2 55.8 -10.5 -123247 7 426 GEORGE BUSH 53.4% 554049 48886097 Midwest 5 -20.5 0.5 4 Kansas Kansas R 993044 91594809 55.8 R 1988
22 ME Hex 4 11 % shift to the left Michael S. Dukakis G Left 0 ü 43.9 5.1 29054 111 MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS George Bush 45.6% 243569 41809074 11.5 0 The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term. 22 R 60.8 1 10 11.4 55.3 -5.5 -29369 4 426 GEORGE BUSH 53.4% 307131 48886097 Northeast 0 -10.6 0.5 11 Maine Maine R 555035 91594809 55.3 R 1988
23 VT Hex 3 14 % shift to the left Michael S. Dukakis F Left 0 ü 47.6 6.8 20045 111 MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS George Bush 45.6% 115775 41809074 10 1 The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term. 17.1 R 57.9 1 0 3.5 51.1 -6.8 -11534 3 426 GEORGE BUSH 53.4% 124331 48886097 Northeast 1 -13.6 0.5 10 Vermont Vermont R 243328 91594809 51.1 R 1988
24 NH Hex 4 12 % shift to the left Michael S. Dukakis H Left 0 ü 36.3 5.4 43301 111 MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS George Bush 45.6% 163696 41809074 11 1 The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term. 37.7 R 68.6 1 25 26.1 62.4 -6.2 14486 4 426 GEORGE BUSH 53.4% 281537 48886097 Northeast 1 -11.6 0.5 11 New Hampshire New Hampshire R 451074 91594809 62.4 R 1988
25 PA Hex 25 5 % shift to the left Michael S. Dukakis F Left 0 ü 48.4 2.4 -33187 111 MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS George Bush 45.6% 2194944 41809074 9 3 The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term. 7.3 R 53.3 1 0 2.3 50.7 -2.600000000 -284236 25 426 GEORGE BUSH 53.4% 2300087 48886097 Northeast 3 -5.0 0.5 8 Pennsylvania Pennsylvania R 4536251 91594809 50.7 R 1988
26 NJ Hex 16 7 % shift to the left Michael S. Dukakis G Left 0 ü 42.6 3.4 59029 111 MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS George Bush 45.6% 1320352 41809074 10 3 The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term. 20.9 R 60.1 1 10 13.6 56.2 -3.9 -190438 16 426 GEORGE BUSH 53.4% 1743192 48886097 Northeast 3 -7.3 0.5 9 New Jersey New Jersey R 3099553 91594809 56.2 R 1988
27 CT Hex 8 17 % shift to the left Michael S. Dukakis F Left 0 ü 46.9 8.1 106987 111 MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS George Bush 45.6% 676584 41809074 11 3 The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term. 21.9 R 60.7 1 5 5.1 52.0 -8.7 -140636 8 426 GEORGE BUSH 53.4% 750241 48886097 Northeast 3 -16.8 0.5 10 Connecticut Connecticut R 1443394 91594809 52 R 1988
28 DE Hex 3 8 % shift to the left Michael S. Dukakis G Left 0 ü 43.5 3.6 6991 111 MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS George Bush 45.6% 108647 41809074 9.5 4 The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term. 19.9 R 59.8 1 10 12.4 55.9 -3.9 -12551 3 426 GEORGE BUSH 53.4% 139639 48886097 Northeast 5 -7.5 0.5 9 Delaware Delaware R 249891 91594809 55.9 R 1988
29 KY Hex 9 9 % shift to the left Michael S. Dukakis G Left 0 ü 43.9 4.5 40829 111 MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS George Bush 45.6% 580368 41809074 6.5 4 The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term. 20.6 R 60 1 10 11.6 55.5 -4.5 -87421 9 426 GEORGE BUSH 53.4% 734281 48886097 South 4 -9.0 0.5 6 Kentucky Kentucky R 1322517 91594809 55.5 R 1988
30 MD Hex 10 3 % shift to the left Michael S. Dukakis F Left 0 ü 48.2 1.2 38369 111 MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS George Bush 45.6% 826304 41809074 8.5 4 The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term. 5.5 R 52.5 1 0 2.9 51.1 -1.4 -3751 10 426 GEORGE BUSH 53.4% 876167 48886097 South 4 -2.6 0.5 9 Maryland Maryland R 1714358 91594809 51.1 R 1988
31 VA Hex 12 5 % shift to the left Michael S. Dukakis H Left 0 ü 39.2 2.1 63549 111 MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS George Bush 45.6% 859799 41809074 8 5 The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term. 25.2 R 62.3 1 20 20.5 59.7 -2.600000000 -27916 12 426 GEORGE BUSH 53.4% 1309162 48886097 South 4 -4.7 0.5 8 Virginia Virginia R 2191609 91594809 59.7 R 1988
32 AR Hex 6 8 % shift to the left Michael S. Dukakis G Left 0 ü 42.2 3.900000000 10591 111 MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS George Bush 45.6% 349237 41809074 6 5 The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term. 22.2 R 60.5 1 10 14.2 56.4 -4.1 -68196 6 426 GEORGE BUSH 53.4% 466578 48886097 South 5 -8.0 0.5 5 Arkansas Arkansas R 827738 91594809 56.4 R 1988
33 TN Hex 11 0 % shift to the right Michael S. Dukakis G Right 0 ü 41.5 -0.100000000 -31920 111 MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS George Bush 45.6% 679794 41809074 7 5 The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term. 16.2 R 57.8 1 15 16.4 57.9 0.100000000 -42979 11 426 GEORGE BUSH 53.4% 947233 48886097 South 5 0.2 -0.5 6 Tennessee Tennessee R 1636250 91594809 57.9 R 1988
34 NC Hex 13 8 % shift to the left Michael S. Dukakis G Left 0 ü 41.7 3.8 65880 111 MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS George Bush 45.6% 890167 41809074 9 5 The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term. 24 R 61.9 1 15 16.3 58.0 -3.9 -109223 13 426 GEORGE BUSH 53.4% 1237258 48886097 South 5 -7.7 0.5 7 North Carolina North Carolina R 2134370 91594809 58 R 1988
35 SC Hex 8 4 % shift to the left Michael S. Dukakis H Left 0 ü 37.6 2 26095 111 MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS George Bush 45.6% 370554 41809074 8.5 6 The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term. 28 R 63.6 1 20 23.9 61.5 -2.1 -9096 8 426 GEORGE BUSH 53.4% 606443 48886097 South 5 -4.1 0.5 8 South Carolina South Carolina R 986009 91594809 61.5 R 1988
36 OK Hex 8 21 % shift to the left Michael S. Dukakis G Left 0 ü 41.3 10.6 98343 111 MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS George Bush 45.6% 483423 41809074 4.5 6 The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term. 37.9 R 68.6 1 15 16.6 57.9 -10.7 -183163 8 426 GEORGE BUSH 53.4% 678367 48886097 South 6 -21.3 0.5 4 Oklahoma Oklahoma R 1171036 91594809 57.9 R 1988
37 LA Hex 10 12 % shift to the left Michael S. Dukakis G Left 0 ü 44.1 5.9 65874 111 MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS George Bush 45.6% 717460 41809074 5.5 6 The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term. 22.6 R 60.8 1 10 10.2 54.3 -6.5 -153597 10 426 GEORGE BUSH 53.4% 883702 48886097 South 6 -12.4 0.5 5 Louisiana Louisiana R 1628202 91594809 54.3 R 1988
38 MS Hex 7 4 % shift to the left Michael S. Dukakis H Left 0 ü 39.1 1.7 11729 111 MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS George Bush 45.6% 363921 41809074 6.5 6 The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term. 24.5 R 61.9 1 20 20.8 59.9 -2 -24487 7 426 GEORGE BUSH 53.4% 557890 48886097 South 6 -3.7 0.5 6 Mississippi Mississippi R 931527 91594809 59.9 R 1988
39 AL Hex 9 3 % shift to the left Michael S. Dukakis G Left 0 ü 39.9 1.6 -2393 111 MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS George Bush 45.6% 549506 41809074 7.5 6 The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term. 22.2 R 60.5 1 15 19.3 59.2 -1.3 -57273 9 426 GEORGE BUSH 53.4% 815576 48886097 South 6 -2.9 0.5 7 Alabama Alabama R 1378476 91594809 59.2 R 1988
40 GA Hex 12 0 % shift to the left Michael S. Dukakis H Left 0 ü 39.5 -0.300000000 8164 111 MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS George Bush 45.6% 714792 41809074 8 7 The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term. 20.4 R 60.2 1 20 20.3 59.8 -0.400000000 12609 12 426 GEORGE BUSH 53.4% 1081331 48886097 South 6 -0.1 0.5 8 Georgia Georgia R 1809672 91594809 59.8 R 1988
41 TX Hex 29 15 % shift to the left Michael S. Dukakis G Left 0 ü 43.3 7.2 403472 111 MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS George Bush 45.6% 2352748 41809074 4 7 The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term. 27.5 R 63.6 1 10 12.7 56.0 -7.6 -396599 29 426 GEORGE BUSH 53.4% 3036829 48886097 South 7 -14.8 0.5 4 Texas Texas R 5427410 91594809 56 R 1988
42 FL Hex 21 8 % shift to the left Michael S. Dukakis H Left 0 ü 38.5 3.8 207885 111 MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS George Bush 45.6% 1656701 41809074 8.5 8 The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term. 30.6 R 65.3 1 20 22.4 60.9 -4.4 -111465 21 426 GEORGE BUSH 53.4% 2618885 48886097 South 7 -8.2 0.5 9 Florida Florida R 4302313 91594809 60.9 R 1988
43 AK Hex 3 14 % shift to the left Michael S. Dukakis H Left 0 ü 36.3 6.4 10577 111 MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS George Bush 45.6% 72584 41809074 0.5 0 The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term. 36.8 R 66.7 1 20 23.3 59.6 -7.1 -19126 3 426 GEORGE BUSH 53.4% 119251 48886097 West 0 -13.5 0.5 0 Alaska Alaska R 200116 91594809 59.6 R 1988
44 MT Hex 4 16 % shift to the left Michael S. Dukakis F Left 0 ü 46.2 8 22194 111 MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS George Bush 45.6% 168936 41809074 2.5 2 The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term. 22.3 R 60.5 1 5 5.9 52.1 -8.4 -42038 4 426 GEORGE BUSH 53.4% 190412 48886097 West 2 -16.4 0.5 3 Montana Montana R 365674 91594809 52.1 R 1988
45 ID Hex 4 20 % shift to the left Michael S. Dukakis H Left 0 ü 36.0 9.6 38762 111 MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS George Bush 45.6% 147272 41809074 2 3 The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term. 46 R 72.4 1 25 26.1 62.1 -10.3 -43642 4 426 GEORGE BUSH 53.4% 253881 48886097 West 2 -19.9 0.5 2 Idaho Idaho R 408968 91594809 62.1 R 1988
46 WY Hex 3 20 % shift to the left Michael S. Dukakis H Left 0 ü 38.0 9.8 13743 111 MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS George Bush 45.6% 67113 41809074 3 3 The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term. 42.3 R 70.5 1 20 22.5 60.5 -10 -26374 3 426 GEORGE BUSH 53.4% 106867 48886097 West 3 -19.8 0.5 3 Wyoming Wyoming R 176551 91594809 60.5 R 1988
47 NV Hex 4 13 % shift to the left Michael S. Dukakis H Left 0 ü 37.9 5.9 41083 111 MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS George Bush 45.6% 132738 41809074 2.5 4 The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term. 33.8 R 65.8 1 20 21 58.9 -6.9 17270 4 426 GEORGE BUSH 53.4% 206040 48886097 West 3 -12.8 0.5 2 Nevada Nevada R 350067 91594809 58.9 R 1988
48 CO Hex 8 21 % shift to the left Michael S. Dukakis F Left 0 ü 45.3 10.2 166478 111 MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS George Bush 45.6% 621453 41809074 3.5 4 The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term. 28.3 R 63.4 1 5 7.8 53.1 -10.3 -93640 8 426 GEORGE BUSH 53.4% 728177 48886097 West 4 -20.5 0.5 3 Colorado Colorado R 1372394 91594809 53.1 R 1988
49 CA Hex 47 13 % shift to the left Michael S. Dukakis F Left 0 ü 47.6 6.3 779714 111 MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS George Bush 45.6% 4702233 41809074 2 5 The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term. 16.2 R 57.5 1 0 3.5 51.1 -6.4 -412092 47 426 GEORGE BUSH 53.4% 5054917 48886097 West 4 -12.7 0.5 1 California California R 9887065 91594809 51.1 R 1988
50 UT Hex 5 16 % shift to the left Michael S. Dukakis I Left 0 ü 32.0 7.3 51974 111 MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS George Bush 45.6% 207343 41809074 4 5 The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term. 49.8 R 74.5 1 30 34.2 66.2 -8.3 -40663 5 426 GEORGE BUSH 53.4% 428442 48886097 West 4 -15.6 0.5 2 Utah Utah R 647008 91594809 66.2 R 1988
51 AZ Hex 7 13 % shift to the left Michael S. Dukakis H Left 0 ü 38.7 6.2 120175 111 MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS George Bush 45.6% 454029 41809074 3 5 The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term. 33.9 R 66.4 1 20 21.3 60.0 -6.400000000 21125 7 426 GEORGE BUSH 53.4% 702541 48886097 West 5 -12.6 0.5 2 Arizona Arizona R 1171873 91594809 60 R 1988
52 NM Hex 5 16 % shift to the left Michael S. Dukakis F Left 0 ü 46.9 7.7 42728 111 MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS George Bush 45.6% 244497 41809074 3.5 6 The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties. Ronald Reagan, the incumbent President, was vacating the position after serving the maximum two terms allowed by the Twenty-second Amendment. Reagan's Vice President, George H. W. Bush, won the Republican nomination, while the Democrats nominated Michael Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage (the U.S. was not involved in any wars or conflicts during this time), and on Reagan's popularity. In this election, Bush became the first incumbent Vice President of the United States to win a presidential election in 152 years, since Martin Van Buren in 1836. Just like Van Buren in 1840, President Bush would also be defeated for reelection in 1992, after serving a single term. 20.5 R 59.7 1 5 5 51.9 -7.8 -36760 5 426 GEORGE BUSH 53.4% 270341 48886097 West 5 -15.5 0.5 3 New Mexico New Mexico R 521287 91594809 51.9 R 1988